Community Seed Banking

Community seed banks allow the saving of seeds, especially local varieties, promoting plant diversity and providing emergency seed supply. Seeds can be stored in pots and be placed in a shed, community building, family granary, or kitchen shelf [3].

Climate Adaptation Effectiveness

In times of crop failure due to floods, droughts, and pests and diseases, community seed banks can provide emergency seed supply. Also, local varieties that are preserved through the practice of seed saving are more genetically diverse and are more resilient to climatic variation and other stresses.

Climate Hazards

  • Broad Climate Change Impact

Locations

ENTIRE COUNTRY

  • Baao, Camarines Sur, Region V (Bicol Region)
  • Bokod, Benguet, CAR (Cordillera Administrative Region)
  • Kabayan, Benguet, CAR (Cordillera Administrative Region)
  • Tublay, Benguet, CAR (Cordillera Administrative Region)
  • Calinog, Iloilo, Region VI (Western Visayas)
  • Malungon, Sarangani, Region XII (SOCCSKSARGEN)

Adaptation Sectors

  • Agriculture

CCET Instuments

  • Action Delivery

Target Group based on Vulnerability

Basic Sectors:
  • Cooperatives
  • Farmers and Landless Rural Workers
  • Indigenous Peoples

Evaluations

Economic / Financial Effectiveness
High

Seed banks can serve as buffer against economic losses. Seed saving can generate additional income when seeds are exchanged or sold [3]. The cost of establishing community seed banks can be relatively low.

Technical Feasibility
High

The community-based seed production and conservation of traditional vegetables in Santa Teresita, Baao, Camarines Sur played a significant role in abating the threat to genetic diversity of local vegetable varieties and semi-wild vegetable crops [4]. FAO provides the following simple steps in establishing community seed banks [3]: (1) Establish the objective of the community seed bank. (2) Establish a community management committee. (3) Collect and select the seeds. (4) Clean and dry the seeds. (5) Analyze seeds. (6) Record information about the seeds. (7) Store the seeds. (8) Restock seed supplies and enhance seed diversity

Social Acceptability
High

The "Community-based Conservation and Multiplication of Selected Indigenous Vegetables” project in Santa Teresita, Baao, Camarines Sur from 2009 to 2011 empowered farmers, especially women, in the practice of seed saving to sustain the diversity of local crops and promote greater diversity in their diets [4]. The Cordillera Ecological Center established community seed banks in Karao, Bokod; Lusod, Kabayan; and Caponga and Central Tublay, Tublay, all located in the Benguet Province. Respectively indigenous peoples in these areas known as Ibalois and Kalanguyas have saved and are now growing 12 indigenous rice varieties, 29 endemic sweet potato varieties, and seven bean varieties [1]. Meanwhile, the Barangay Impalidan Upland Farmers’ Association in Calinog, Iloilo; and the Lamlifew Tribal Women’s Association in Datal Tampal, Malungon, Sarangani attest to how community seed banking ensured the continuation of farming activities during the COVID-19 pandemic [2].

Environmental Impact
Mid (+)

Community seed banks promote agro biodiversity contributing to climate resilience [3]. The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, to which the Philippines is a signatory, facilitates access to seed banks while ensuring that fair recognition and benefits frolm their use are shared with local farmers. This mechanism encourages farmers to continue the practice of seed saving and use of diverse crops [3].

Mitigation co-benefit

There is no direct mitigation co-benefit for this solution.

Keywords

community seedbanks, indigenous vegetables, seed security, Farmers’ Rights, crop diversification

References

[1] Bengwayan, M. (2020). Philippine Indigenous NGO Seed Banking For Food Security – OpEd. Eurasia Review. https://www.eurasiareview.com/10122020-philippine-indigenous-ngo-seed-banking-for-food-security-oped/
[2] Castro, A. (2021). Community seed banking works. Department of Agriculture-PhilRice. https://www.philrice.gov.ph/community-seed-banking-works/
[3] FAO (2014). Module: Community seed banks, Junior Farmer Field and Life School – Facilitator’s guide. Food and Agriculture of the United Nations. https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/user_upload/fao_ilo/pdf/Other_docs/FAO/Community_Seed_Banks.pdf
[4] Ebert, A.W., de los Santos, E.B., San Buenaventura, A., Imperial, R.M. (2015). Community-based seed production of traditional vegetables to enhance nutrition security and empower farmers in the Philippines. Acta Hortic. 1102, 135-142. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/255712505_Cultivar_trials_of_indigenous_vegetables_in_Indonesia_and_community-based_seed_conservation_and_multiplication_in_the_Philippines
[5] Vernooy, R., B. Sthapit, G. Otieno, P. Shrestha and A. Gupta. 2017. The Roles of Community Seed Banks in Climate Change Adaptation. Development in Practice, 27:3, 316-327, DOI: 10.1080/09614524.2017.1294653 Maharjan, S. and K. Maharjan. 2018. Roles and Contributions of Community Seed Banks in Climate Adaptation in Nepal, Development in Practice, 28:2, 292-302, DOI: 10.1080/09614524.2018.1418838 Vernooy, R., F. Akhter, S. Alonzo, M. L. Mokoena, A. Mushita, G. Otieno and P. Shrestha. 2021. Stren https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316475801_Ronnie_Vernooy_Bhuwon_Sthapit_Gloria_Otieno_Pitambar_Shrestha_Arnab_Gupta_2017_The_roles_of_community_seed_banks_in_climate_change_adaption_Development_in_Practice_273316-327_httpdxdoiorg1010800961452